Earwax blockage, also known as impacted cerumen, occurs when earwax builds up in the ear canal and is not able to naturally flow out of the ear. This can lead to a blockage or obstruction in the ear canal, which can cause a range of symptoms. The glands in the ear canal produce ear wax as a natural way to protect the ear from foreign particles, dirt, and bacteria. However, some people may produce more ear wax than necessary, leading to a buildup.